
1.     =
+  + ; ≠ 0
= /
=  /  
= 
2. ℎ    = ℎ(  )
3.          
4.   
(
+
)
=

󰇡
 
 
󰇢
5.   
(
×
)
=
󰇡
 
 
󰇢
6.   =
−
(
+
)
+ ×