1. :−
=
(
,
)
;
=
(
0,0
)
ℎ −
(
,0
)
ℎ − =
(
0,
)
2. =
(
−
)
+
(
−
)
3. ℎ =
+ y
4.
(
,
)
=
,
5.
(
,
)
=
,
6. ℎ =
,
7. ∆ =
|
(
−
)
+
(
−
)
+
(
−
)
|
8. ℎ ∆ ℎ = 0
